Roots Blower Applications

Rotary lobe positive displacement blowers are used to supply pressurized or vacuum gases across a wide range of industrial processes. Polimak designs and manufactures blowers known for their reliability, efficiency, and ability to perform continuously even in demanding industrial environments. Common applications include blowers for pneumatic conveying of bulk materials, water and wastewater treatment (such as sewage aeration), surface treatment processes, thermal forming systems, vacuum tables, fish farming and aquaculture operations, and ULV fogging applications.

Blowers for Pneumatic Conveying of Bulk Materials

Blowers are widely used in pneumatic conveying systems to move bulk solids efficiently across a wide range of industries. Pneumatic conveying systems are designed to transport powders, granules, and other dry bulk solids through enclosed pipelines, ensuring a clean, dust-free, and controlled material flow. This transfer is driven by a pressure differential, created by the movement of air or inert gases like nitrogen. Positive displacement blowers, such as rotary lobe blowers, function as key components that generate the necessary pressurized or vacuum air to establish and maintain the required pressure differential. Their ability to deliver a constant flow of air, even under varying system resistance, makes them essential components in both dense-phase and dilute-phase conveying systems.

Pneumatic conveying systems can be configured in various ways depending on the specific requirements of the application, such as distance, material type, sensitivity, and transfer capacity. The four main configurations include:

• Pressure Conveying Systems

These systems depend on pressurized air to push bulk materials through the pipeline. They are ideal for high-capacity operations and transporting materials over long distances.

• Vacuum Conveying Systems

Vacuum systems pull materials through the pipeline using negative pressure. They are commonly used for unloading operations, shorter conveying distances, and collecting materials from multiple feeding points.

• Vacuum-Pressure Combined Systems

These systems combine both vacuum and pressure conveying to optimize performance. They are suitable for complex systems where materials must be conveyed over varying distances or through multiple process stages.

• Closed-Loop Pneumatic Conveying Systems

In these systems, inert gases like nitrogen are used instead of air, making them suitable for handling materials sensitive to oxygen or moisture. The gas is continuously recirculated, maintaining a controlled, contaminant-free environment.

Proper selection of roots blowers plays a critical role in the overall performance of pneumatic conveying systems. The physical and chemical properties of the bulk material, transfer capacity, conveying distance, and environmental conditions are key factors to be considered in determining the proper type and sizing of the roots blower.

Blowers for Water and Wastewater Treatment (Sewage Treatment)

One of the uses of Roots blowers is in water and wastewater treatment processes, where they support the efficient operation of biological purification. In biological wastewater treatment plants, aeration chambers facilitate the removal of organic contaminants from the water by promoting the activity of microorganisms. These microorganisms break down the organic material, effectively cleaning the water. Roots blowers supply the essential oxygen needed by the microorganisms in the aeration chamber to sustain themselves and perform this breakdown.

Pressurized air is delivered through aeration pads located beneath the chamber, creating fine bubbles that rise through the water. This bubbling action not only provides oxygen to sustain the microorganisms but also keeps them suspended within the water, preventing them from settling and ensuring efficient treatment. Depending on the biochemical oxygen demand of the wastewater, rotary lobe blowers are used to deliver a steady and precise airflow, maintaining optimal conditions for the biological processes to work effectively.

Choosing the right roots blower and correctly sizing it is vital to ensure wastewater treatment plants run efficiently and economically. The performance and longevity of a rotary lobe blower system depend on several key operating factors, including:

• Site conditions: This includes factors such as atmospheric pressure, discharge pressure, ambient temperature, and relative humidity. Each of these can affect blower performance and efficiency individually.

• Type of aeration system: Different aeration systems require varying airflow rates and pressures, determining the blower’s design and capacity requirements.

• Mass flow of air: The volume of air required fluctuates depending on process requirements. Therefore, blowers must be capable of delivering consistent airflow under changing conditions.

• Upstream and downstream equipment: Components such as filters, valves, and piping determine the overall system resistance as well as the blower’s workload and operating parameters.

• Other system and process variables: Additional factors like noise restrictions, power availability, and maintenance schedules can influence the selection and operation of the blower system.

Blowers in Surface Treatment Applications

Roots blowers provide a steady flow of air in various surface finishing processes, such as galvanizing and chrome plating. The clean, oil-free air supplied by these blowers is essential to keep the treatment liquids free from contamination. In galvanizing, a protective zinc coating is applied to steel or iron to prevent rust and extend the life of the metal. Chrome plating involves adding a thin layer of chromium to metal surfaces to improve hardness, shine, and resistance to wear and corrosion. By ensuring proper aeration, roots blowers help maintain consistent treatment quality and improve the overall efficiency of these processes.

Blowers in Thermal Forming Applications

Thermal forming involves shaping plastic materials by using a mold that defines the desired inner surface of the final product. In this process, a thin plastic sheet is heated until it softens and becomes pliable enough to be shaped. At this point, a roots blower creates a vacuum that draws out the air trapped between the mold and the softened plastic. This vacuum allows atmospheric pressure to press the plastic firmly against the mold, ensuring it takes on the exact shape of the pattern. Once the plastic cools and hardens, the molded piece is removed and finished by trimming away any excess material. Roots blowers are essential components in this process, because they provide the strong suction needed to achieve precise and consistent forming results.

Vacuum Tables

Vacuum tables are fundamental to securing sheet materials during various mechanical processing tasks. These tables use suction to firmly hold down materials such as wood, metal, or plastic sheets, preventing any undesirable movement. This stability is especially important when router machines or CNC cutters are in operation, as even slight shifts can lead to inaccuracies or defects in the finished product. To generate the strong and consistent vacuum needed for this purpose, roots blower pumps are commonly used. Their ability to produce reliable vacuum pressure ensures that materials remain securely in place, allowing for precise and efficient cutting or shaping operations.

Blowers for Fish Farms and Aquaculture Applications

Roots-type blower pumps are used to provide a steady supply of fresh air in fish farming and other aquaculture environments. These blowers supply oxygen-rich air directly into ponds and tanks, ensuring that fish have the breathable environment they need. Maintaining proper oxygen levels is vital for the health and growth of the fish, helping to create ideal living conditions.

Positive displacement blowers deliver air continuously to maintain adequate oxygen levels in the water, which supports the respiration of fish and other aquatic organisms. This constant aeration also helps improve water quality by promoting circulation and preventing stagnation, making Roots blowers a critical component in sustainable and efficient aquaculture systems.

ULV Fogging Applications

Ultra Low Volume (ULV) fogging machines are widely used in pest control to effectively reduce insect populations. These systems rely on high-pressure air, typically ranging from 400 to 500 millibars. This air is used to atomize insecticides into extremely fine droplets.

The small droplet size allows the insecticide to stay airborne longer, improving its ability to reach and cover target areas thoroughly. This increased suspension time enhances the overall effectiveness of the treatment by maximizing contact with insects. Roots blowers are commonly used in ULV fogging setups because they provide the steady and reliable airflow needed to generate and maintain this fine mist. Their consistent air pressure ensures optimal droplet formation, making them an essential part of efficient and precise pest control operations.

Additional Industries and Applications of Blowers

• Chemical and process technology

Blowers provide the necessary airflow for chemical reactions, mixing, and transporting gases in various industrial processes.

• Power plants

They supply combustion air and support flue gas handling to optimize power generation efficiency.

• Cement and lime

Blowers help in material handling, dust collection, and combustion air supply during cement and lime production.

• Foodstuffs

Airflow generated by blowers is used for drying, conveying, and maintaining hygienic processing environments.

• Paper industry

Blowers are used drying processes, material transport, and dust extraction within paper manufacturing.

• Flour mills

They provide ventilation, dust control, and pneumatic conveying of flour and grain products.

• Jet pulse filters

Blowers supply pressurized air for pulse jet systems that clean filter bags by removing accumulated dust.

• Aeration of flocculation tanks in the mining industry

Used to introduce oxygen to aid the settling and separation of particles in mining wastewater treatment.

• Vacuum systems and vacuum handling

Roots blowers generate vacuum pressure used in material lifting, packaging, and suction applications.

• Biodiesel plants

They supply air for mixing, drying, and combustion processes involved in biodiesel production.

• Dust collection systems

Blowers create suction to capture and transport dust and particulate matter from industrial environments.

• Sandblasting processes

They deliver the high-pressure air required to propel abrasive materials for surface cleaning and finishing.

• Painting machines

Blowers assist in controlling airflow for paint spraying and drying, ensuring smooth finishes.

• Grain handling

Airflow is used to move, dry, and clean grains during storage and processing.

• Agricultural applications

Blowers help with ventilation, crop drying, and pneumatic conveying in various farming operations.

• Air knife systems

They generate a high-velocity sheet of air used for drying, cleaning, or cooling products on production lines.
Application Gallery


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These valves are typically actuated by pneumatic actuators and are used to automatically open and close the product flow to discharge material to downstream equipment.
Installed below silos or hoppers, these valves are used for maintenance operations of equipment such as rotary valves, screw feeders, etc., that are positioned below the butterfly valve.
These valves are typically actuated by pneumatic actuators and are used to automatically open and close the product flow to discharge material to downstream equipment.
In this design, the butterfly valve is sandwiched between two flanges. Rubber sealing at both faces of the valve provides a tight seal between the flanges and the wafer butterfly valve.
One side of the valve has a bolted flange connection, while the other side features a built-in short pipe designed for fixing a flexible sleeve.
These valves have bolted flange connections on both sides, making them suitable for installation on silos, hoppers, screw feeders, and similar applications.
Bulk tanker trucks or open trucks can be filled with powdered materials delivered within FIBC bags. These systems generally consist of bulk bag discharging station, mechanical or pneumatic conveyor and loading bellow. Big bag discharge station transfers the bulk solid from big bag to conveying system. Conveying system transfers it to truck loading area. And loading bellow is used to fill tanker truck without any dust emission. Since truck loading operations are done within limited time, high capacity big bag discharge systems and bulk material conveying systems are used. For short distances, screw conveyors are preferred to transfer material from big bag discharge station to truck loading chute. For long conveying distances, pneumatic conveying systems provide better service. There may exist a storage hopper or silo above bulk truck loading bellow to compensate material flow between inlet and outlet. Bulk bag discharge and truck filling systems have automatic control system that monitors product level in truck and operates all equipment accordingly. Optional weighing system can be added to measure the amount of material that is filled to truck.
Big bag discharge systems can deliver dry bulk solids in powder and granular form to weighing and batching systems. The loading hopper of the weighing system should remain full during dosing and batching. Big bag discharge systems can monitor the product level in the loading hopper and maintain a constant level automatically. Depending on the dosing speed and conveying distance, mechanical conveying systems or pneumatic loading systems may be used. Dust collectors can be employed to prevent dust emissions during hopper loading, especially for materials with high dust content.
Dry bulk packaging systems are used to fill powdered or granular materials into bags, drums, jars, sacks, etc. Bulk materials delivered in big bags must be transferred to packaging machines without interruption. The loading hopper of the packaging system should remain full during the filling and packaging process. Big bag discharge systems can monitor the product level in the loading hopper and maintain a constant level automatically. Depending on the packaging speed, mechanical conveying systems or pneumatic loading systems can be selected. Dust collectors can be used to prevent dust emissions during hopper loading, especially for materials with high dust content.
Mixer automation systems are used to mix dry bulk solids according to specific recipes. Raw materials delivered in FIBC bags can be transferred to mixing units through a combination of conveying equipment and bulk bag discharge systems. Depending on the type of application, pneumatic conveying or mechanical feeding systems can be used to fill mixers. Big bag discharge stations can be manufactured with built-in dosing systems. The amount of raw material to be loaded into the mixer is automatically controlled with the help of a weighing and dosing system. Dust collectors can be used to prevent dust emissions during the mixer filling process.
Bulk material stored in big bags can be automatically filled into small bags. Big bag discharge systems come with optional built-in bag filling units. For low filling capacities, these units are installed below the big bag discharge hopper, providing a practical and cost-effective solution. Both big bag discharging and bag filling operations can be handled by a single, compact system. For higher bag filling needs, bag filling machines are installed near the bulk bag discharge stations. Pneumatic conveying systems or mechanical conveyors can be used to transfer bulk material from the FIBC bag discharge station to the bag or sack filling system.
Mechanical conveyors can be used for silo loading from big bag discharge stations. Screw feeders, bucket elevators, rotary valves, or chain conveyors are connected to big bag discharge stations to fill silos. The selection of conveying equipment directly depends on the conveying distance, height, transferred material, and capacity. Bucket elevators are preferred for high silos, while screw feeders are preferred for shorter silos and short distances. The big bag discharge system can be installed on top of the silo for faster filling. In this case, rotary valves or butterfly valves are better choices as they provide simple flow control. Dust collection systems may be required depending on the dust content of the bulk solid. During silo loading, air content in the silo escapes to the atmosphere and carries some dust along with it. Vacuum fans and jet filters in dust collectors prevent dust emissions into the environment. The collected dust is sent back to the silo, thus preventing product loss.
Pneumatic conveying systems installed after bulk bag discharge units transfer bulk material through conveying pipelines to fill silos. This configuration is useful in applications where high transfer rates and long conveying distances are needed. In production lines where raw materials are stored in warehouses far from storage silos, bulk bag discharge stations can be installed close to the warehouses, and pneumatic conveying systems are used to fill silos from long distances. This design reduces the need for forklifts and cranes for bulk material transfer on the production site and increases overall efficiency.

Pneumatic conveying systems used for silo loading utilize blower pumps or compressors. Motor power, pipeline diameter, and equipment selection depend on the type of bulk material, transfer distance, silo height, and transfer capacity. Level sensors, jet filters, and other equipment are installed on storage silos to ensure the proper operation of the silo filling system.
Pneumatic conveying systems installed after bag dump units transfer bulk material through pipelines to fill silos. This configuration is ideal for applications requiring high transfer rates and long conveying distances. In production lines where raw materials are stored in warehouses far from storage silos, bag dump stations can be installed close to warehouses, allowing pneumatic conveying systems to transport materials over long distances. This design reduces the excessive use of forklifts and cranes for bulk material transfer within the production site, improving overall efficiency.

Pneumatic transfer systems used for silo loading utilize blower pumps or compressors. Motor power, pipeline diameter, and equipment selection depend on factors such as the type of bulk material, transfer distance, silo height, and transfer capacity. Level sensors, jet filters, and other equipment are installed on storage silos to ensure the proper operation of the silo filling system.
Mechanical conveyors can be used for silo loading from bag dump stations. In this configuration, screw feeders, bucket elevators, rotary valves, or chain conveyors are connected to bag dump stations to fill silos. The selection of conveying equipment depends on factors such as conveying distance, height, material properties, and capacity. Bucket elevators are preferred for high silos, while screw feeders are ideal for shorter silos and short distances. Bag dump systems can be installed on top of the silo for faster filling. In such cases, rotary valves or butterfly valves are better choices as they provide simple flow control.

Dust collection systems may be required depending on the dust content of the bulk solid. During silo loading, air inside the silo escapes to the atmosphere, carrying dust particles with it. Dust collectors equipped with a vacuum fan and jet filter capture airborne dust. The collected dust is returned to the silo, preventing product loss and ensuring a cleaner environment.
The inlet skirt is an optional feature designed to extend the lifespan of the flexible connector sleeve. Its upper portion is attached to the outlet port of the upstream equipment and extends down into the bin activator’s inlet port. The primary function of the inlet skirt is to serve as a protective shield, safeguarding the flexible connector seal from wear and damage.
A vibratory motor is externally mounted to the bin activator. When powered, the motor generates vibrations that facilitate a steady flow of dry bulk materials within the system. Depending on the application requirements, one or two vibratory motors can be installed externally.
To accommodate a bin activator, the cone of a silo must be shorter than usual, resulting in a wider outlet. A flange supplied with the bin activator is separately welded to the silo’s outlet, slightly above the opening, at the production site. Once installed, the vibrating bin discharger is securely bolted to the flange, ensuring a stable and reliable connection.
Special spring suspension links and an engineered polymer seal work together to create a flexible connection between a vibrating bin discharger and the equipment positioned above it.

The proper design and installation of the polyurethane seal prevent it from slipping off and ensure a secure seal, eliminating the risk of dry bulk material leakage. Additionally, the seal offers high stress resistance and long-term durability, withstanding stresses caused by motor vibrations, pressure conditions, and other operational factors.

Externally installed spring suspensions provide full resilience to the vibrations of the cone head. They ensure that the generated vibrations affect only the cone itself rather than the upstream equipment structure.
An internally tapered, conical-shaped baffle plate is positioned at the center of the bin activator’s diameter. The baffle is rigidly attached to the equipment body using structural steel components. It facilitates bulk material flow from upstream equipment by directly inducing vibrations into the material.

A secondary deflector plate reduces the weight of the bulk material in the lower portion of the bin activator by acting as a wedge beneath the material, directing it around the areas adjacent to the cone’s surface.

Polimak baffle plates are available in various configurations, including convex and cone plates, and in different angles (15°, 30°, 45°, or even 60°) depending on the flow characteristics of the handled bulk material and the specific application requirements.